The Basics of a Radial Ball Bearing

Radial ball bearings are a type of precision components that are manufactured in various configurations and have different capacities and performance. These bearings are widely used in various industries. They are designed to carry loads in both axial and radial directions. The main purpose of a radial ball bearing is to provide a stable, accurate, and long-lasting performance.

The basic components of a radial ball bearing are an outer ring, inner ring, cage, and balls. An insert (a ring with a wide inner ring) is also commonly included. Balls and cages are made of steel, plastic, or ceramic. Various types of lubricants are used to minimize friction. If the bearing is operated in a dirty environment, the outer ring can be coated with a special seal.

Radial ball bearings can carry significant axial load in both directions along the axis. They are known for their high-speed, low-load, and precise performances. They are suitable for a variety of applications, including CNC projects. However, they should be sized properly to withstand shock, impact, and the resulting wear and tear.

The axial load rating of a radial ball bearing is dependent on the bearing design, the cage, and the load it is expected to support. For example, a sealed ball bearing can be expected to perform at a maximum speed of approximately 40,000 RPM. Its peak running torque can be difficult to determine. In order to ensure that the bearing is suited for a specific application, it is a good idea to field test the bearing to verify its suitability.

When a radial ball bearing is under a load, its rolling elements attempt to slide together at the location where they have the highest sideways torque. This can cause an uneven force on the outer ring of the radial bearing. A weak outer ring can be subject to a sideways torque stress that causes the ring to deform into an oval shape.

Load capacity is also directly related to the bearing's construction and seal. Silicon nitride is a material that tends to wear like glass. Stainless steel is the most common material used in the construction of a radial ball bearing. But, depending on the radial load, other materials may be used.

As for seals, the RS seal is a metal-faced seal that can slow down the rotation of the radial ball bearing. However, RS seals can produce extra heat during operation. Molded synthetic rubber bearing seals have better chemical resistance properties.

Other seal options include Z or J shields. These are a cost-effective option and less prone to heat transfer than the RS seal. Moreover, they reduce the total torque on the inner raceway, which increases the life of the radial ball bearing.

Bearings that are configured with filling slot bearings are able to sustain radial and axial loads. A TA cage is a great solution for a variety of applications, reducing supply chain issues and cost headaches. Alternatively, you can use a J cage for room temperature applications.